This chapter reviews the status of safety and quality in walnut global supply chains. It considers the questions from the viewpoint of the consumer rather than the producer as both will benefit from having a safe and high quality supply chain. It considers the global walnut industry and then reviews the nature of walnuts and their nutritional composition and health benefits. It then considers how these interact with food safety (allergenic, microbial, foreign body contamination and dietary toxin load) and quality and finally presents examples of specific supply chains.