Particle emissions from ships at berth using heavy fuel oil

In this study, the composition of exhaust from a marine diesel auxiliary engine running on Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) on-board a large cargo vessel was investigated. Measurements of particle number and size distributions in the range 5-1000 nm and gaseous emissions of O₂, CO, CO₂, SO₂ and NO_x were undertaken. The measurements were performed on two large cargo ships at berth and during travel. Measurements were also carried out on auxiliary engines of two ships when they were at berth. Data on engine power, engine revolution, fuel oil consumption, intercooled air temperature, scavenging air pressure, cooling fresh water and exhaust gas temperature were measured using instrumentation of the ship. Results showed that emission factors (g/kWh) are higher than that of previous studies for SO2. This may be due to the high sulphur content of fuel. Particle number size distribution was observed to be the highest around 35-45 nm in diameter, and the particle number remarkably decreased during higher engine load conditions.