Subjective evaluation of website accessibility and usability: a survey for people with sensory disabilities

A novel subjective evaluation model for accessibility is developed utilising a questionnaire survey approach, with reference to the characteristics of disabled groups and the features of university websites. Measuring accessibility, including through usability evaluations, is an important equity step in assessing and improving the effectiveness and usefulness of online learning and general materials for students with disabilities. The popular uptake of blended and online learning warrants an evaluation of the accessibility of web-based university websites for equity in access to quality learning experiences and outcomes. The model conforms to user-centred design theory and is designed on the basis of usability and accessibility statements derived from contemporary accessibility questionnaires and standards. The model is applied to evaluate Australian university web-based systems. The initial data show that 55% of students with sensory disabilities believe the accessibility of their current website content negatively affects their study, and 70% believe the web pages are not well structured for navigation by learners with sensory disabilities.