User acceptance of a haptic interface for learning anatomy

Visualizing the structure and relationships in three dimensions (3D) of organs is a challenge for students of anatomy. To provide an alternative way of learning anatomy engaging multiple senses, we are developing a force-feedback (haptic) interface for manipulation of 3D virtual organs, using design research methodology, with iterations of system implementation, formative evaluation, and cyclic enhancements. In the present study, we aimed to determine the user acceptance of the haptic interface for exploring anatomical structures and relationships. Undergraduate computing (n=10) and medical (n=35) students from the University of Tasmania, Australia, who volunteered to try two iterations of the system (n=18 and 27 in two separate user tests) reported on anonymous questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative questions that the system was easy to use, useful for learning, and neither physically nor mentally stressful. We conclude that many medical students would accept a haptic interface for manipulating 3D virtual organs as an aid to learning anatomy. Further development of the system will involve development of learning and assessment modules, and we plan to evaluate the system’s usefulness in promoting learning of anatomy.