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Accumulation and depuration of paralytic shellfish toxins by Australian abalone Haliotis rubra: conclusive association with Gymnodinium catenatum dinoflagellate blooms

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-19, 00:24 authored by McLeod, C, Dowsett, N, Gustaaf HallegraeffGustaaf Hallegraeff, Harwood, DT, Hay, B, Ibbott, S, Malhi, N, Murray, S, Smith, K, Tan, J, Alison TurnbullAlison Turnbull
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) were detected in abalone (Haliotis rubra) in April 2011 in south-east Tasmania, Australia, during a dinoflagellate bloom of Gymnodinium catenatum. This led to restrictions on abalone harvesting and triggered continued PST monitoring by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC-FLD) of abalone and mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), and concurrent phytoplankton monitoring, between 2011 and 2013. PST up to 2437 μg STX eq kg−1 (three times the bivalve regulatory limit) were confirmed in abalone viscera, with toxicity up to 586 μg STX eq kg−1 in the muscular foot (mainly doSTX and minor proportions of STX and dcSTX). Mussels accumulated PST at a faster rate than abalone which suggests they can serve as sentinels of PST accumulation to inform abalone risk management protocols.

Three lines of evidence for G. catenatum as the source of PST in abalone were established: (1) PST in abalone tissues increased and declined in association with dinoflagellate blooms; (2) G. catenatum DNA was detected by real-time PCR in abalone digestive tracts; and (3) the PST analogues (toxin profile) observed in both abalone viscera and mussels were similar suggesting a common PST source. This is the first time a conclusive linkage between the occurrence of PST in abalone and a dinoflagellate source has been demonstrated.

History

Publication title

Food Control

Volume

73

Issue

Part B

Pagination

971-980

ISSN

0956-7135

Department/School

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies

Publisher

Elsevier Sci Ltd

Place of publication

The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford, England, Oxon, Ox5 1Gb

Rights statement

Copyright 2016 Elsevier Ltd.

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Fisheries - aquaculture not elsewhere classified

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