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Alternate mechanisms of initial pattern recognition drive differential immune responses to related poxviruses

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-20, 21:25 authored by O'Gorman, WE, Sampath, P, Simonds, EF, Sikorski, R, O'Malley, M, Krutzik, PO, Chen, H, Panchanathan, V, Chaudhri, G, Gunasegaran KarupiahGunasegaran Karupiah, Lewis, DB, Thorne, SH, Nolan, GP
Vaccinia immunization was pivotal to successful smallpox eradication. However, the early immune responses that distinguish poxvirus immunization from pathogenic infection remain unknown. To address this, we developed a strategy to map the activation of key signaling networks in vivo and applied this approach to define and compare the earliest signaling events elicited by immunizing (vaccinia) and lethal (ectromelia) poxvirus infections in mice. Vaccinia induced rapid TLR2-dependent responses, leading to IL-6 production, which then initiated STAT3 signaling in dendritic and T cells. In contrast, ectromelia did not induce TLR2 activation, and profound mouse strain-dependent responses were observed. In resistant C57BL/6 mice, the STAT1 and STAT3 pathways were rapidly activated, whereas in susceptible BALB/c mice, IL-6-dependent STAT3 activation did not occur. These data link early immune signaling events to infection outcome and suggest that activation of different pattern-recognition receptors early after infection may be important in determining vaccine efficacy.

History

Publication title

Cell Host and Microbe

Volume

8

Pagination

174-185

ISSN

1931-3128

Department/School

Tasmanian School of Medicine

Publisher

Cell Press

Place of publication

United States

Rights statement

copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc.

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Prevention of human diseases and conditions; Treatment of human diseases and conditions

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