Challenges and facilitators of implementing a participatory nutrition project in residential aged care

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition and dehydration in residential aged care (nursing homes) are problematic worldwide, particularly for residents with dementia. However, conducting research to improve residents' nutritional health can be challenging. AIMS: This paper describes challenges, facilitators and recommendations following an intervention to enhance nutrition and hydration care. METHODS: Meaningful Engagement in Nutritional Understanding (MENU; 2018-2021) was a participatory nutrition support intervention initiated in two Tasmanian care homes. Mixed methods evaluation explored nutrition and hydration status, knowledge and care practices with residents with dementia, staff and family; and the challenges to, and facilitators of, project implementation. RESULTS: This study found nutrition and hydration to be problematic. However, despite multiple challenges, a participatory approach may help engage stakeholders and encourage action in this area. Challenges included resident recruitment, care home and staff engagement, and external factors. Facilitators included Nutrition Champions, the participatory research approach, and tailored resources and education. CONCLUSIONS: The study has implications for conducting more effective nutrition research in residential aged care, particularly with people with dementia, nursing and other care staff, to better understand their experiences and enhance care practices. Nursing staff are key to effective participatory research in residential aged care and to ensuring residents' optimal nutrition and hydration.