posted on 2023-05-20, 02:18authored byBell, JJ, Rovellini, A, Davy, SK, Taylor, MW, Elizabeth FultonElizabeth Fulton, Dunn, MR, Bennett, HM, Kandler, NM, Luter, HM, Webster, NS
Anthropogenic stressors are impacting ecological systems across the world. Of particular concern are the recent rapid changes occurring in coral reef systems. With ongoing degradation from both local and global stressors, future reefs are likely to function differently from current coral‐dominated ecosystems. Determining key attributes of future reef states is critical to reliably predict outcomes for ecosystem service provision. Here we explore the impacts of changing sponge dominance on coral reefs. Qualitative modelling of reef futures suggests that changing sponge dominance due to increased sponge abundance will have different outcomes for other trophic levels compared with increased sponge dominance as a result of declining coral abundance. By exploring uncertainty in the model outcomes we identify the need to (1) quantify changes in carbon flow through sponges, (2) determine the importance of food limitation for sponges, (3) assess the ubiquity of the recently described “sponge loop,” (4) determine the competitive relationships between sponges and other benthic taxa, particularly algae, and (5) understand how changing dominance of other organisms alters trophic pathways and energy flows through ecosystems. Addressing these knowledge gaps will facilitate development of more complex models that assess functional attributes of sponge‐dominated reef ecosystems.
History
Publication title
Ecology
Volume
99
Issue
9
Pagination
1920-1931
ISSN
0012-9658
Department/School
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies
Publisher
Ecological Soc Amer
Place of publication
1707 H St Nw, Ste 400, Washington, USA, Dc, 20006-3915