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Coherence and cognition in the cortex: the fundamental role of parvalbumin, myelin, and the perineuronal net

The calcium binding protein parvalbumin is expressed in interneurons of two main morphologies, the basket and chandelier cells, which target perisomatic domains on principal cells and are extensively interconnected in laminar networks by synapses and gap junctions. Beyond its utility as a convenient cellular marker, parvalbumin is an unambiguous identifier of the key role that these interneurons play in the fundamental functions of the cortex. They provide a temporal framework for principal cell activity by propagating gamma oscillation, providing coherence for cortical information processing and the basis for timing-dependent plasticity processes. As these parvalbumin networks mature, they are physically and functionally stabilised by axonal myelination and development of the extracellular matrix structure termed the perineuronal net. This maturation correlates with the emergence of high-speed, highly energetic activity and provides a coherent foundation for the unique ability of the cortex to cross-correlate activity across sensory modes and internal representations.

Funding

The Yulgilbar Foundation

History

Publication title

Brain structure & Function

Volume

226

Issue

7

Pagination

2041-2055

ISSN

1863-2653

Department/School

Wicking Dementia Research Education Centre

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Place of publication

Germany

Rights statement

© Crown 2021

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Prevention of human diseases and conditions

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