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Controls on tropical Pacific Ocean productivity revealed through nutrient stress diagnostics

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-20, 13:45 authored by Behrenfeld, MJ, Worthington, K, Sherrell, RM, Chavez, FP, Peter StruttonPeter Strutton, McPhaden, M, Shea, DM
In situ enrichment experiments have shown that the growth of bloom-forming diatoms in the major high-nitrate low-chlorophyll (HNLC) regions of the world’s oceans is limited by the availability of iron. Yet even the largest of these manipulative experiments represents only a small fraction of an ocean basin, and the responses observed are strongly influenced by the proliferation of rare species rather than the growth of naturally dominant populations. Here we link unique fluorescence attributes of phytoplankton to specific physiological responses to nutrient stress, and use these relationships to evaluate the factors that constrain phytoplankton growth in the tropical Pacific Ocean on an unprecedented spatial scale. On the basis of fluorescence measurements taken over 12 years, we delineate three major ecophysiological regimes in this region. We find that iron has a key function in regulating phytoplankton growth in both HNLC and oligotrophic waters near the Equator and further south, whereas nitrogen and zooplankton grazing are the primary factors that regulate biomass production in the north. Application of our findings to the interpretation of satellite chlorophyll fields shows that productivity in the tropical Pacific basin may be 1.2–2.5 PgCyr-1 lower than previous estimates have suggested, a difference that is comparable to the global change in ocean production that accompanied the largest El Nino to La Nina transition on record.

History

Publication title

Nature

Volume

442

Pagination

1025-1028

ISSN

0028-0836

Department/School

Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies

Publisher

Nature Publishing Group

Place of publication

Macmillan Building, 4 Crinan St, London, England, N1 9Xw

Rights statement

Copyright 2006 Nature Publishing Group

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences

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