Evolution of myocardial dysfunction in asymptomatic patients at risk of heart failure
Background: The increasing prevalence of T2DM will likely further fuel the epidemic of HF. Understanding the development or progression of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction may inform effective measures for HF prevention.
Methods: A total of 982 patients with at least one HF risk factor (hypertension, obesity, or T2DM) were recruited from 2 community-based populations and divided into 2 groups: T2DM (n = 431, age 71 ± 4 years) and non-T2DM (n = 551, age 71 ± 5 years). Associations of metformin therapy were evaluated in the T2DM group. All underwent a comprehensive echocardiogram, including global longitudinal strain (GLS) and diastolic function (transmitral flow [E], annular velocity [e']) at baseline and follow-up (median 19 months [interquartile range: 17-26]). Comparisons were facilitated by propensity matching.
Results: A reduction in GLS was observed in the T2DM group (baseline -17.8 ± 2.6% vs. follow-up -17.4 ± 2.8%; p = 0.003), but not in the non-T2DM group (-18.7 ± 2.7% vs. -18.6 ± 3.0%; p = 0.41). Estimated LV filling pressures increased in both the T2DM group (p = 0.001) and the non-T2DM group (p = 0.04). Metformin-treated patients with T2DM did not increase estimated LV filling pressure (E/e' baseline 8.9 ± 2.7 vs. follow-up 9.1 ± 2.7; p = 0.485) or change e' (7.6 ± 1.5 cm/s vs. 7.6 ± 1.8 cm/s; p = 0.88). After propensity matching, metformin was associated with a smaller change in e' (β = 0.58 [95% CI 0.13 to 1.03]; p = 0.013) and E/e' (β = -0.96 [95% CI -1.66 to -0.26]; p = 0.007) but was not associated with a change in GLS (p = 0.46).
Conclusions: Over 2 years, there is a worsening of GLS and LV filling pressures in asymptomatic diabetic patients with HF risk factors. Metformin use is associated with less deterioration of LV filling pressures and myocardial relaxation but had no association with systolic function.
History
Publication title
JACC: Cardiovascular ImagingVolume
14Pagination
350-361ISSN
1936-878XDepartment/School
Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchPublisher
Elsevier Inc.Place of publication
United StatesRights statement
Copyright 2020 ElsevierRepository Status
- Restricted