Two lichens new to science are described and illustrated: Ramboldia atromarginata Kantvilas is corticolous in wet sclerophyll forest in Victoria, and R. greeniana Kantvilas is a saxicolous species found chiefly in upland areas of Tasmania. The New Zealand endemic taxon, Lecidea subsericea Zahlbr., is found to be a synonym of Ramboldia stuartii (Hampe) Kantvilas & Elix.