Influence of amino acids, and their interaction with volatiles and polyphenols, on the sensory properties of red wine
Background and Aims The effect of amino acids, and their interactions with volatiles and other non-volatiles, on in-mouth sensory properties of red wines is not known. This knowledge gap has been studied in a series of comprehensive sensory experiments.
Methods and Results A solvent-assisted flavour evaporation extract of Shiraz wine volatiles, a de-aromatised polyphenolic extract and amino acids were added to model wine and wine systems. Using full factorial designs, samples were evaluated by sensory quantitative descriptive analysis. Volatiles enhanced Viscous mouthfeel (F = 20.0, P < 0.001), Sweetness (F = 26.5, P < 0.001) and Body (F = 81.4, P < 0.001), while the phenolic extract directed Astringency (F = 170.5, P < 0.001) as well as Bitterness (F = 7.3, P < 0.001) and suppressed Sweetness (F = 16.5, P < 0.001). An amino acid by volatile interaction (F = 4.2, P < 0.05) was found, and further experiments showed that L-proline enhanced Viscosity (F = 5.0, P < 0.05), Sweetness (F = 14.4, P < 0.001), Red fruit flavour (F = 7.8, P < 0.001) and suppressed Astringency (F = 6.1, P < 0.05) and Bitterness (F = 7.0, P < 0.01), while L-glutamic acid imparted an Umami taste (F = 5.0, P < 0.05) at wine-like concentration.
Conclusions For the first time, these causal experiments showed that amino acids can influence the taste, mouthfeel and flavour of red wine.
Significance of the Study This work provides insight into a new class of wine compounds of sensory significance that can be targeted by producers to directly influence wine flavour.
History
Publication title
Australian Journal of Grape and Wine ResearchVolume
28Issue
4Pagination
621-637ISSN
1755-0238Department/School
Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture (TIA)Publisher
Hindawi Publishing CorporationPlace of publication
United StatesRights statement
© 2022 The Australian Wine Research Institute and Deakin University. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian Society of Viticulture and Oenology Inc. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed.Repository Status
- Open