File(s) under permanent embargo
Lack of attentional retraining effects in cigarette smokers attempting cessation: A proof of concept double-blind randomised controlled trial
Background: Observational studies have shown that attentional bias for smoking-related cues is associated with increased craving and relapse. Laboratory experiments have shown that manipulating attentional bias may change craving. Interventions to reduce attentional bias could reduce relapse in smokers seeking to quit. We report a clinical trial of attentional retraining in treatment-seeking smokers.
Methods: This was a double-blind randomised controlled trial that took place in UK smoking cessation clinics. Smokers interested in quitting were randomised to five weekly sessions of attentional retraining (N = 60) or placebo training (N = 58) using a modified visual probe task from one week prior to quit day. Both groups received 21 mg nicotine patches (from quit day onwards) and behavioural support. Primary outcomes included change in attentional bias reaction times four weeks after quit day on the visual probe task and craving measured weekly using the Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale. Secondary outcomes were changes in withdrawal symptoms, time to first lapse and prolonged abstinence.
Results: No attentional bias towards smoking cues was found in the sample at baseline (mean difference = 3ms, 95% CI = -2, 9). Post-training bias was not significantly lower in the retraining group compared with the placebo group (mean difference = -9ms, 95% CI = -20, 2). There was no difference between groups in change in craving (p = 0.89) and prolonged abstinence at four weeks (risk ratio = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.70, 1.43).
Conclusions: Taken with one other trial, there appears to be no effect from clinic-based attentional retraining using the visual probe task. Attentional retraining conducted out of clinic may prove more effective.
History
Publication title
Drug and Alcohol DependenceVolume
149Pagination
158-65ISSN
0376-8716Department/School
School of Pharmacy and PharmacologyPublisher
Elsevier Sci Ireland LtdPlace of publication
Customer Relations Manager, Bay 15, Shannon Industrial Estate Co, Clare, IrelandRights statement
Copyright 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.Repository Status
- Restricted