105253 - Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins in a novel mechanism of axon guidance and peripheral nerve regeneration.pdf (1.76 MB)
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins in a novel mechanism of axon guidance and peripheral nerve regeneration
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-18, 15:12 authored by Lila LandowskiLila Landowski, Pavez, MP, Lachlan BrownLachlan Brown, Robert GasperiniRobert Gasperini, Bruce TaylorBruce Taylor, Adrian WestAdrian West, Lisa FoaLisa FoaThe low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein receptors 1 and 2 (LRP1 and LRP2) are emerging as important cell signaling mediators in modulating neuronal growth and repair. We examined whether LRP1 and LRP2 are able to mediate a specific aspect of neuronal growth: axon guidance. We sought to identify LRP1 and LRP2 ligands that could induce axonal chemoattraction, which might have therapeutic potential. Using embryonic sensory neurons (rat dorsal root ganglia) in a growth cone turning assay, we tested a range of LRP1 and LRP2 ligands for the ability to guide growth cone navigation. Three ligands were chemorepulsive: α-2-macroglobulin, tissue plasminogen activator, and metallothionein III. Conversely, only one LRP ligand, metallothionein II, was found to be chemoattractive. Chemoattraction toward a gradient of metallothionein II was calcium-dependent, required the expression of both LRP1 and LRP2, and likely involves further co-receptors such as the tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) receptor. The potential for LRP-mediated chemoattraction to mediate axonal regeneration was examined in vivo in a model of chemical denervation in adult rats. In these in vivo studies, metallothionein II was shown to enhance epidermal nerve fiber regeneration so that it was complete within 7 days compared with 14 days in saline-treated animals. Our data demonstrate that both LRP1 and LRP2 are necessary for metallothionein II-mediated chemotactic signal transduction and that they may form part of a signaling complex. Furthermore, the data suggest that LRP-mediated chemoattraction represents a novel, non-classical signaling system that has therapeutic potential as a disease-modifying agent for the injured peripheral nervous system.
History
Publication title
Journal of Biological ChemistryVolume
291Pagination
1092-1102.ISSN
1083-351XDepartment/School
Tasmanian School of MedicinePublisher
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.Place of publication
United StatesRights statement
This research was originally published in Journal of Biological Chemistry. Lila M. Landowski, Macarena Pavez, Lachlan S. Brown, Robert Gasperini, Bruce V. Taylor, Adrian K. West, and Lisa Foa. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins in a novel mechanism of axon guidance and peripheral nerve regeneration. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2016; 291(3) 1092-1102. © the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Repository Status
- Open