Navigating to the most promising directions amid complex fields of vaccine development: a chlamydial case study
Background: Vaccine-development research is proliferating making it difficult to determine the most promising vaccine candidates. Exemplary of this problem is vaccine development against Chlamydia, a pathogen of global public health and financial importance.
Methods: We systematically extracted data from studies that included chlamydial load or host immune parameter measurements, estimating 4,453 standardized effect sizes between control and chlamydial immunization experimental groups.
Results: Chlamydial immunization studies most often used (78%) laboratory mouse models. Depending on chlamydial species, single and multiple recombinant protein, viral and bacterial vectors, dendritic transfer, and dead whole pathogen were most effective at reducing chlamydial load. Immunization-driven decrease in chlamydial load was associated with increases in IFNg, IgA, IgG1, and IgG2a. Using data from individual studies, the magnitude of IgA and IgG2a increase was correlated with chlamydial load reduction. IFNg also showed this pattern for C. trachomatis, but not for C. muridarum. We also reveal the chlamydial vaccine development field to be highly bias toward studies showing these effects, limiting lessons learned from negative results.
Conclusions: Most murine immunizations against Chlamydia reduced chlamydial load and increased host immune parameters. These methods are novel for vaccine development and are critical in identifying trends where large quantities of literature exist.
Funding
Australian Research Council
Dreamworld
Endeavour Veterinary Ecology Pty Ltd
Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary
Moreton Bay Regional Council
University of the Sunshine Coast
Zoo and Aquarium Association Inc
History
Publication title
Expert Review of VaccinesVolume
18Issue
12Pagination
1323-1337ISSN
1476-0584Department/School
School of Natural SciencesPublisher
Taylor & FrancisPlace of publication
United KingdomRights statement
Copyright 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupRepository Status
- Restricted