On a method of determining the true meridian

I propose to describe a method of obtaining the true meridian by observation, which, so far as I am aware, has not been tried in this colony.
The first method is by a single observation of the sun or a star. For this an altitude is required, also a knowledge of the latitude. It is, therefore, open to objection on both accounts.
The second method is by equal altitudes. This requires two observations at an interval of several hours, and is therefore inconvenient in point of time.
The third method is by observing a single circumpolar star at its greatest elongation.
The fourth method is by observing two circumpolar stars at their greatest elongation, and taking the difference of their azimuths at the time of observation.
Formula and examples provided in the article. Henry Charles Kingsmill was a Lecturer in Mathematics and Physics 1896-1909, and also in Surveying 1904-09 at the University of Tasmania. Earlier he had taught at schools in Queensland and Hobart and was the Tasmanian Government Meteorologist 1892-1911.