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Serum Anticholinergic Activity and Cognitive and Functional Adverse Outcomes in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature

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posted on 2023-05-19, 17:22 authored by Mohammed SalahudeenMohammed Salahudeen, Chyou, T-Y, Nishtala, PS

Introduction: Studies have reported associations between serum anticholinergic activity (SAA) and decline in cognitive performance, delirium, and functional impairment. The aim of this metaanalysis was to explore and quantify associations between SAA and adverse cognitive and functional outcomes in older people.

Materials and Methods: A literature search in Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and IPA from 1946–2014 was completed. The primary outcomes of interest were cognitive and functional adverse outcomes associated with SAA in older people aged 55 years and above. The Cochrane RiskBias assessment tool was used to assess bias in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of non-RCTs. Meta-analyses were conducted for RCTs and cohort studies separately. Heterogeneity was assessed using I 2 tests.

Results: The primary electronic literature search identified a total of 1559 records in the 4 different databases. On the basis of full-text analysis, 33 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The review included 4 RCTs, 5 prospective cohort studies, 3 longitudinal cohort studies, 17 cross-sectional studies, and 4 case-control studies. Twenty-four of the retrieved studies examined an association between SAA and cognitive outcomes, 2 studies examined an association with SAA and functional outcomes and 8 studies examined associations between SAA and both cognitive, and functional outcomes. The meta-analysis on 4 RCTs showed no association with higher SAA and cognitive performance (I 2 = 89.38%, H2 = 25.53 and p-value = <0.05) however, the pooled data from 4 observational studies showed elevated SAA was associated with reduced cognitive performance (I 2 = 0.00%, H2 = 3.37 and p-value = 0.34).

History

Publication title

PloS one

Volume

11

ISSN

1932-6203

Department/School

School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Publisher

Public Library of Science

Place of publication

United States

Rights statement

Copyright 2016 Salahudeen et al. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Repository Status

  • Open

Socio-economic Objectives

Evaluation of health outcomes

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