This paper explores the way in which different studio models have emerged in architectural education, as well as providing an overview of studio models in recent use (2007-2011), which is timely in a context that values ‘efficiency dividends’. Four models are explored in order to represent the considerable diversity in how the studio is defined and understood in the Australian and New Zealand context. The paper highlights the significant influence and impact of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) policies and management have had on schools and their studio models.