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Targeting eosinophils in respiratory diseases: Biological axis, emerging therapeutics and treatment modalities

journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-21, 12:30 authored by Lee, LY, Hew, GSY, Mehta, M, Shukla, SD, Satija, S, Khurana, N, Anand, K, Dureja, H, Singh, SK, Mishra, V, Singh, PK, Gulati, M, Prasher, P, Aljabali, AAA, Tambuwala, MM, Thangavelu, L, Panneerselvam, J, Gupta, G, Zacconi, FC, Madhur ShastriMadhur Shastri, Jha, NK, Xenaki, D, MacLoughlin, R, Oliver, BG, Chellappan, DK, Dua, K
Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and infectious diseases are triggered with their build up in the blood and tissues. The mobilization of eosinophils into the lungs is regulated by a cascade of processes guided by Th2 cytokine generating T-cells. Recruitment of eosinophils essentially leads to a characteristic immune response followed by airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which are hallmarks of chronic respiratory diseases. By analysing the dynamic interactions of eosinophils with their extracellular environment, which also involve signaling molecules and tissues, various therapies have been invented and developed to target respiratory diseases. Having entered clinical testing, several eosinophil targeting therapeutic agents have shown much promise and have further bridged the gap between theory and practice. Moreover, researchers now have a clearer understanding of the roles and mechanisms of eosinophils. These factors have successfully assisted molecular biologists to block specific pathways in the growth, migration and activation of eosinophils. The primary purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the eosinophil biology with a special emphasis on potential pharmacotherapeutic targets. The review also summarizes promising eosinophil-targeting agents, along with their mechanisms and rationale for use, including those in developmental pipeline, in clinical trials, or approved for other respiratory disorders.

History

Publication title

Life Sciences

Volume

267

Pagination

1-26

ISSN

0024-3205

Department/School

School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Publisher

Pergamon Press.

Place of publication

Oxford

Rights statement

Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc.

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Prevention of human diseases and conditions; Treatment of human diseases and conditions

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