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The Paleoproterozoic komatiite-picrite association in Finnish Lapland

Version 2 2024-09-17, 02:07
Version 1 2023-05-16, 13:17
journal contribution
posted on 2023-05-16, 13:17 authored by Hanski, E, Huhma, H, Rastas, P, Vadim Kamenetsky
The large range of chemical variation within intimately associated highly magnesian volcanic rocks in the Palaeoprolerozoic Central Lapland Greenstone Belt prompted the construction of a new classification scheme for MgO-rich volcanic rocks, based on an [Al2O3] vs [TiO2] diagram where the axes are the Al2O3 and TiO2 contents (in mole proportions) of the rocks projected from the olivine composition. This diagram places the Lapland rocks in the fields of Ti-enriched komatiites and picrites. Komatiitic rocks are depleted in both light and heavy rare earth elements (LREE and HREE) relative to middle REE (MREE) and possess relatively high TiO2 even in the most LREE-depleted varieties, whereas picritic rocks approach geochemically Hawaiian picrites. Seven clinopyroxene and whole-rock pairs analysed for Sm-Nd isotopes yield an average age of 2056 ± 25 Ma for the komatiites. Uncontaminated komatiites and picrites have similar positive εNd values (+ 4) indicating generation from a mantle source with a long-term depletion in LREE relative to MREE. Geochemical characteristics of the komatiite-picrite association, including REE and Nb/Y-Zr/Y systematics, indicate chemical heterogeneities in the source region, which seem to have been created by complex depletion and enrichment processes shortly before or related to a dynamic melting process. The high MgO contents of the rocks coupled with chemical similarity between the Lapland and Hawaiian picrites supports a mantle plume model for their genesis. Nevertheless, the geotectonic evolution appears to have proceeded without significant regional uplift shortly before volcanism.

History

Publication title

Journal of Petrology

Volume

42

Issue

5

Pagination

855-876

ISSN

0022-3530

Department/School

School of Natural Sciences

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Place of publication

Oxford, England

Repository Status

  • Restricted

Socio-economic Objectives

Expanding knowledge in the earth sciences

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