Time-of-flight ICP-MS laser ablation zircon geochronology: Assessment and comparison against quadrupole ICP-MS

This study presents U–Pb isotopic results from the mineral zircon measured by nanosecond laser ablation coupled to either a time-of-flight inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), a quadrupole ICP-MS or both via a split stream arrangement. Results show both ICP-MS types produce similar levels of precision and accuracy for most U–Pb ages in the mineral zircon. The time-of-flight ICP-MS however shows slight non-linearity at high detector counts (> 7000 for ²³⁸U) producing a bias in zircon U–Pb ages from published values outside analytical uncertainty. Use of ²³⁵U instead of ²³⁸U is shown to resolve the inaccuracy in the U–Pb age at the expense of analytical precision due to lower abundance of ²³⁵U. Trace element concentrations also measured along with U–Pb isotope data in zircon show the time-of-flight ICP-MS to provide similar accuracy and precision as the quadrupole ICP-MS, except for isotopes in regions around high intensity major element peaks (e.g. Zr) where accuracy and levels of detection of the time-of-flight ICP-MS are matrix dependent relative to the quadrupole ICP-MS. A comparison is made between the analytical capabilities of the time-of-flight ICP-MS and the quadrupole ICP-MS highlighting some advantages and disadvantages of the time-of-flight technology for zircon U–Pb geochronology.