Understanding novel mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis in chronic lung disease: implications for new therapeutic targets

Airway infections are considered as one of the vital factors driving the pathophysiology of chronic lung disease with significant influences on disease trajectory. Opportunistic lung microbes in diseased conditions induce excessive exacerbations and contribute to airflow limitation. Though there has been considerable amount of information that ascertains their links with airway inflammation, the intricate interaction in clinical conditions are poorly understood and requires further deciphering. Current therapeutic interventions for such pathologies are few and lack the ability to modulate underlying dysfunctional immunity as well as suppress the excessive infectious conditions. Thus, in this Commentary we provide a focused outlook on the mechanisms involved in microbial infestation in lung diseases and provides important information on new therapeutic interventions including the potential role of Resolvins and their derivatives as alternative therapeutic agents in combating such multifaceted pathological mechanisms.